How+to+Structure+a+Presentation

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__** How to Structure your TOK Presentation **__ Here are some general guidelines about how to structure your presentation. Please remember that this is just a guide and that your actual presentation may be quite different depending on your topic, format or personal presentation style.

Each presentation should have two clear stages:
 * An introduction, briefly describing the real-life situation and linking it to one or more relevant knowledge issue
 * Detailed exploration of the knowledge issue(s) raised by the issue, the exact nature of the issue, why there is a problem, what people might say to argue against you, how you might respond and how successful your response is – all of this must be clearly linked back to the chosen situation and the knowledge issues raised by that situation


 * Introduction: **
 * briefly state what the presentation is about, give an overview of the real life situation you have chosen to look at: do not go to great lengths describing the techniques or the people involved;
 * it is usually a good idea to have a clear title that is a question which refers to a knowledge issue – e.g. ‘How **//certain//** can we be that …’ or ‘How **//justified//** is …’ or ‘What are the **//problems created by bias//** in …’;
 * clearly state why your issue is **//significant//**;
 * you might briefly introduce the problems of knowledge, the Areas of Knowledge, the Ways of Knowing and the knowledge words (truth, certainty, belief, etc) that you will be covering in your presentation (although be careful that this is only really brief because too much outline at the start can lead to very boring presentations;
 * you might also briefly outline the different points of view or perspectives that can be taken on this issue and that you will be exploring in your presentation.


 * Development: ** You have two main choices – structure by perspective or structure by knowledge issue
 * // Structure by different perspective //**
 * depending on the topic it can be a good idea to spend the development section of your presentation **//exploring in detail//** each perspective on the issue. To do this you should take each perspective in turn and consider:
 * the details about that perspective and the evidence some people have for believing it,
 * a possible attack on that perspective arguing that it is not valid
 * the possible responses to these attacks and how successful those responses are;
 * if you are working in a group it can be very effective if each member of the group takes on a different perspective and argues against the other members of the group. **Make sure that you discuss what factors have caused each member to have the perspective that they do.**


 * // Structure by knowledge questions: //**
 * alternatively, if structuring your presentation by different perspectives will not work for your topic, you can structure it by **//exploring in detail//** the different TOK issues raised by the topic. To do this you should take each problem / issue in turn and give:
 * an explanation of the issue and exactly what the problem is,
 * a counterclaim that argues that the issue isn’t really a problem,
 * the possible responses to this counterclaim and how successful those responses are ;
 * if you are working in a group it can be effective to have one member of the group present a given problem / knowledge issue and another member argue against them attempting to prove why this is not really an issue at all. **Make sure that you discuss what factors have caused each member to have the perspective that they do.**

· explain your own perspective on the issue; · examine how this is similar to / different from the perspectives discussed earlier; · explore the factors that have caused you to have the perspective that you do; · consider the implications that we might draw from this presentation / the various perspectives including your own that you have covered.
 * Conclusion: **

**Presentation Preparation Form**